Because ponies are small in stature, they are often taken lightly. The plush "little humpbacked horse" seems so harmless! However, the pony's appearance is deceiving. Like large horses, ponies know how to kick and bite, and some of them have a better temper than the most capricious horse. After all, the harsh conditions in which their ancestors lived, developed a stubborn character in the pony. But they should not be considered as vicious. Well-trained ponies are friendly and welcoming. No wonder they are trusted to ride even the smallest children. The pony's hooves are so strong that they absolutely do not need horseshoes.

Like large horses, ponies are divided into breeds. There are Shetland ponies, Exmoor, Dartmoor, Connemara, Fjord, American and others.

There are tiny ponies, they are taller, but their main difference from the “real” horses is very short, strong legs. The most famous pony, of course Shetland, is a very ancient breed. In height, stocky, shaggy shetlands grow only a meter "with a tail." But they don’t take strength. Previously, these laborers worked in mines and mines: they carried very heavy trolleys with coal. After all, there was nowhere for a big horse to turn around. Shetland pony is very strong. He can carry a rider up to 100 kilograms of weight.

Since the history of ponies dates back centuries, we can say that they began to use them for horseback riding only recently - only at the beginning of the 19th century. They are trained in the same way as large horses, and they participate in the same sports as other horses. Here are the usual horse racing and obstacle racing, and dressage, where little riders and their horses show the skill of a beautiful ride.

Ponies come in completely different stripes. Most often spotted, piebald, black and light gray colors are found.

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Sea sponges are not at all like animals, so even scientists have long considered them to be plants.

Sponges live on the seabed, attached to rocks, shells or sunken ships. They can be of very different shapes. Some species grow like bushes. Others look like bowls, domes, or pipes. Sponges have no heads. they have no mouth, no heart, no stomach, not even a nervous system: the sponge can be cut in half, and it won’t even pickle. Inside it is only elastic porous tissue penetrated by many channels. Why do sponges belong, even to the simplest, but still animals? It's all about the way you eat. Oddly enough, motionless sea sponges “hunt” for their prey - aquatic microorganisms. Sponges do not need to worry about food - in the sea water is full of tiny creatures that are not visible to our eyes. Sponges suck "prey" over the entire surface of the body. Water passing through the pores gets into special chambers. There, special cells capture nutrient particles and digest them. In the same way, the sponges breathe by absorbing oxygen dissolved in water.

Sea sponges come in a variety of sizes: from a couple of centimeters to a meter in height or width.

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How would you behave if you met a dinosaur in the forest?

Once the fishermen caught a strange fish with bluish iridescent scales and huge lace fins. Weighed the fish as much as 58 kilograms! She seemed to have gone off the page of a book about long-extinct animals. Nothing like the fishermen ever seen! Because of the long fins resembling paws, the fish was called "coelacanth", which means "ancient four-legged."

Coelacanths are very rare and only in one place - near the Comoros in the Indian Ocean. Coelacanths are slow and cannot compete with modern fish in the pursuit of food. Therefore, they chose a secluded place without neighbors. Coelacanths are very ancient fish. They live on our planet for 400 million years, since the time of the dinosaurs!

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